Día de Muertos is approaching, and while many Catholic cultures celebrate All Souls' Day, in Mexico, this festivity has a unique touch. Our relationship with death is deeply shaped by the syncretism that emerged during the time of the Conquest. The ancient peoples who inhabited Mexico, such as the Mexicas, Mayans, and Zapotecs, were polytheistic and had death deities, such as Mictlantecuhtli, Ah Puch, and Pitao Pezelao, respectively. For them, death was not the end but rather a passage to a life beyond the known.
Mictlantecuhtli, Mexica god of death, exhibited at the Templo Mayor Museum in Mexico City.
This respect and worship of ancestors were a key part of their funerary rituals. Upon death, offerings were made, good moments were remembered, and ceremonies were organized to help guide the deceased to the afterlife. These pre-Hispanic practices merged with Catholicism, resulting in the celebration we know today: Día de Muertos, a blend of our indigenous roots and Christian beliefs.
The way we celebrate Día de Muertos varies from region to region. In my personal experience, I remember waking up early to go to the cemetery with my family. At the time, I didn’t understand the true meaning of the day, but now I know: Día de Muertos is a bittersweet moment when we remember our loved ones who are no longer with us. While it can be sad, we focus on recalling fond memories and honoring them with offerings of their favorite foods, drinks, or objects that brought them joy.
Woman dressed as 'La Catrina,' an iconic figure representing death during Día de Muertos.
When you arrive at the cemetery, you’ll see a spectacular scene: flowers, detailed altars, and people who, despite carrying the sorrow of loss, smile at the symbolic reunion with their deceased relatives. According to popular belief, during these days, our families return from the afterlife to be with us, and everything we prepare is to welcome them during their visit.
This festivity is not the end of life but a celebration of it. The music, the altars, and the favorite dishes of our deceased loved ones are part of the life that still connects us to them. One of the most significant elements is the altar, rooted in indigenous traditions. Altars, filled with symbolism, connect us with our ancestors. The arch represents the door for the ancestors to cross into this world; the candles and marigold flowers serve as beacons to guide their way; the salt cross protects against evil spirits, and the glass of water is there to quench their thirst after the long journey. All of this creates a dialogue with our deceased loved ones.
Traditional altar of the day of the dead
How to Celebrate Día de Muertos with Respect
For those visiting Mexico during Día de Muertos, this celebration is a unique opportunity to immerse themselves in our culture. However, it’s essential to do so with respect and sensitivity toward local traditions. Here are a few recommendations to fully enjoy the experience appropriately:
Avoid taking photos without permission: If you visit a cemetery or see people celebrating at an altar, do not take photos without their consent. They are in an intimate moment, and although the scene may be visually striking, remember that not everything needs to be shared on social media.
Dress respectfully: While it’s fun to paint your face like a “Catrina” or wear traditional costumes, ensure that your outfit is respectful and appropriate for the occasion, especially if you visit cemeteries or indigenous communities.
Respect the altars: Altars are sacred to the families who build them. Avoid touching objects on the altars or interfering with them in any way. If you see one on the street or in a home, admire it from a respectful distance.
Participate in local activities: Many cities and towns in Mexico host parades, fairs, and cultural events. Feel free to join, but do so with respect. Learn about the meanings behind the traditions and keep an open mind to understand their deep symbolism.
Avoid interrupting moments of prayer: If you see someone praying in front of a grave or altar, take a step back and allow them their private moment. Prayer is a fundamental part of connecting with the deceased during Día de Muertos.
Be mindful of the environment: When visiting cemeteries, be aware of the setting. While some moments will be celebratory, others require respect and quiet reflection.
Support local artisans: During Día de Muertos, many communities produce crafts related to the celebration, such as sugar skulls, paper cut-outs, and marigold flowers. Purchasing these items not only gives you a unique souvenir but also supports local artisans.
Get involved respectfully: If you’re invited to help create an altar or participate in a family celebration, consider it an honor. Ask respectful questions, listen, and learn about the meanings behind each element.
Learn about the history and meanings: Take the time to learn about the history of Día de Muertos before participating. Understanding the cultural syncretism that characterizes it will allow you to appreciate it in a deeper and more meaningful way.
Día de Muertos is much more than a visually striking celebration; it is a spiritual and emotional connection with our ancestors. With respect and sensitivity, anyone, no matter where they come from, can become part of this millennia-old tradition and appreciate it in its entirety.
mjga
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